289 research outputs found
Long Wavelength Anomalous Diffusion Mode in the 2D XY Dipole Magnet
In 2D XY ferromagnet the dipole force induces a strong interaction between
spin-waves in the long-wavelength limit. The major effect of this interaction
is the transformation of a propagating spin-wave into a diffusion mode. We
study the anomalous dynamics of such diffusion modes. We find that the
Janssen-De Dominics functional, which governs this dynamics, approaches the
non-Gaussian fixed-point. A spin-wave propagates by an anomalous anisotropic
diffusion with the dispersion relation: and
, where and
. The low-frequency response to the external magnetic field
is found.Comment: 34 pages, RevTeX, 2 .ps figures, the third figure is available upon
reques
Inter‐ and intraindividual variability of urinary dextromethorphan/dextrorphan (DM/DX) ratios in CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (EMS) with one or two active alleles
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109829/1/cptclpt200481.pd
Two dimensional electron gas driven by strong alternating electric field
2D Fermi liquid driven by uniform alternating electric field at zero
temperature may remain in quantum coherent non-equilibrium state. We develop a
quasistatic approximation for strong and slow ac-fields and solve the problem
of driven disordered 2D electron gas in high non-overlapping Landau levels. The
broadening of Landau level has the Lorentz form and is inversely proportional
to the amplitude of the ac-field. In the absence of electron-phonon interaction
the electron distribution function is constant within the last Landau level and
the diagonal dc-conductivity is zero. For weak electron-phonon interaction the
dc-conductivity is anisotropic. A kinetic transition from the phonon cooling to
the phonon heating is predicted.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure REVTE
Multicomponent dense electron gas as a model of Si MOSFET
We solve two-dimensional model of -component dense electron gas in the
limit of large and in a range of the Coulomb interaction parameter:
. The quasiparticle interaction on the Fermi circle
vanishes as 1/N. The ground state energy and the effective mass are found as
series in powers of . In the quantum Hall state on the lowest Landau
level at integer filling: , the charge activation energy gap and the
exchange constant are found.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
Saquinavir Loaded Acetalated Dextran Microconfetti – a Long Acting Protease Inhibitor Injectable
Since the adoption of highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV disease progression has slowed across the world; however, patients are often required to take multiple medications daily of poorly bioavailable drugs via the oral route, leading to gastrointestinal irritation. Recently, long acting antiretroviral injectables that deliver drug for months at a time have moved into late phase clinical trials. Unfortunately, these solid phase crystal formulations have inherent drawbacks in potential dose dumping and a greater likelihood for burst release of drug compared to polymeric formulations
Continuum limit, Galilean invariance, and solitons in the quantum equivalent of the noisy Burgers equation
A continuum limit of the non-Hermitian spin-1/2 chain, conjectured recently
to belong to the universality class of the noisy Burgers or, equivalently,
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, is obtained and analyzed. The Galilean invariance
of the Burgers equation is explicitly realized in the operator algebra. In the
quasi-classical limit we find nonlinear soliton excitations exhibiting the
dispersion relation with dynamical exponent .Comment: 12 pages, latex, no figure
Aging in a Two-Dimensional Ising Model with Dipolar Interactions
Aging in a two-dimensional Ising spin model with both ferromagnetic exchange
and antiferromagnetic dipolar interactions is established and investigated via
Monte Carlo simulations. The behaviour of the autocorrelation function
is analyzed for different values of the temperature, the waiting
time and the quotient , and being the
strength of exchange and dipolar interactions respectively. Different
behaviours are encountered for at low temperatures as is
varied. Our results show that, depending on the value of , the dynamics
of this non-disordered model is consistent either with a slow domain dynamics
characteristic of ferromagnets or with an activated scenario, like that
proposed for spin glasses.Comment: 4 pages, RevTex, 5 postscript figures; acknowledgment added and some
grammatical corrections in caption
Giant Magnetoresistance Oscillations Induced by Microwave Radiation and a Zero-Resistance State in a 2D Electron System with a Moderate Mobility
The effect of a microwave field in the frequency range from 54 to 140
on the magnetotransport in a GaAs quantum well with AlAs/GaAs
superlattice barriers and with an electron mobility no higher than
is investigated. In the given two-dimensional system under
the effect of microwave radiation, giant resistance oscillations are observed
with their positions in magnetic field being determined by the ratio of the
radiation frequency to the cyclotron frequency. Earlier, such oscillations had
only been observed in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures with much higher mobilities.
When the samples under study are irradiated with a 140- microwave
field, the resistance corresponding to the main oscillation minimum, which
occurs near the cyclotron resonance, appears to be close to zero. The results
of the study suggest that a mobility value lower than
does not prevent the formation of zero-resistance states in magnetic field in a
two-dimensional system under the effect of microwave radiation.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figur
The Shapes of Flux Domains in the Intermediate State of Type-I Superconductors
In the intermediate state of a thin type-I superconductor magnetic flux
penetrates in a disordered set of highly branched and fingered macroscopic
domains. To understand these shapes, we study in detail a recently proposed
"current-loop" (CL) model that models the intermediate state as a collection of
tense current ribbons flowing along the superconducting-normal interfaces and
subject to the constraint of global flux conservation. The validity of this
model is tested through a detailed reanalysis of Landau's original conformal
mapping treatment of the laminar state, in which the superconductor-normal
interfaces are flared within the slab, and of a closely-related straight-lamina
model. A simplified dynamical model is described that elucidates the nature of
possible shape instabilities of flux stripes and stripe arrays, and numerical
studies of the highly nonlinear regime of those instabilities demonstrate
patterns like those seen experimentally. Of particular interest is the buckling
instability commonly seen in the intermediate state. The free-boundary approach
further allows for a calculation of the elastic properties of the laminar
state, which closely resembles that of smectic liquid crystals. We suggest
several new experiments to explore of flux domain shape instabilities,
including an Eckhaus instability induced by changing the out-of-plane magnetic
field, and an analog of the Helfrich-Hurault instability of smectics induced by
an in-plane field.Comment: 23 pages, 22 bitmapped postscript figures, RevTex 3.0, submitted to
Phys. Rev. B. Higher resolution figures may be obtained by contacting the
author
Development of an LC-MS Method for Measuring TNF in Human Vaginal Tissue
A sensitive, accurate, and precise liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry assay for the determination of tenofovir (TNF) in human vaginal tissue was developed and validated. After homogenization of the tissue, solid-phase extraction on Varian Bond Elut-C18 column was used for sample clean up. Chromatographic separation of TNF and the internal standard (tolbutamide) was achieved with a Varian Polaris 3C18-A reversed-phase analytical column (150 mm × 2 mm). A gradient method using 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile was employed. Detection of TNF and tolbutamide was achieved by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode using 288.05 and 271.00 m/z, respectively. Linear TNF calibration curves were obtained between 1–1,000 ng/mL with a correlation coefficient (r2) greater than 0.999. Intra-and inter-day accuracy for TNF ranged from 89.7% and 109.4% and from 97.3% and 104.9%, and precision ranged from 1.3% and 10.9% and 2.6% and 9.0%, respectively. This is the first validated method developed to quantitate TNF in human tissues
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